Questions will be based on the notes you took in class, information on the class web page, your handouts, quizzes, sample problems and handouts, and your homework problems. This is a closed-book closed-notes test. These equations will be provided. You should know how to interpret (in plain English) and use the equations, figures and tables. Definitions should be memorized (for example "Degree of curve").
Bring with you a straight edge with English gradations, a good eraser and a calculator. You may need to measure dimensions off your test. Please remember to turn off cell phones, pagers and other devices during the test. No hats or hoods please.
For full credit:
For tables and figures indicate table/figure number and circle/show the chosen values. Use the straight edge to draw lines on provided figures.
Show calculations and provide a few words to explain their meaning.
Show units.
Mark the answer clearly.
Draw a neat sketch of the situation where appropriate. Using a straight edge is not necessary as long as the figure is neat and dimensions are shown by arrows to their exact extents.
PAPAKOSTAS CHAPTER 2
ROADWAY DESIGN
2.1. Introduction
Maximum technological capabilities and relation to practical design standards.
Example of practical design standards in geometric design: Know how to explain in English the requirements for stopping sight distance for crest vertical curves. Assumptions about speed, line of sight, available sight distance, stopping distance, dimensions. Be able to draw a clear sketch of the situation.
2.2. Equations of motion Position Displacement Velocity Acceleration
Example 2.1 p 16
Equations of motion under constant acceleration-know how to use.
2.2.2. Braking distance equation. Know how to use.
Example 2.3 p 21
Typical values for coefficient of forward friction Dry, Wet, Design
Draw figure to show direction of forward friction in deceleration/acceleration
2.2.3 Curvilinear Motion
Discuss figure 2.2.6. Which way is the vehicle assumed to tend to slip when in motion?
What is superelevation (draw a simple figure to show concept). Definition (equation).
Why do we have an upper limit on superelevation? Explain conditions under which limit is necessary.
Example 2.5 p 24
Typical values of coefficient of side friction.
Draw figure showing direction of side friction. Explain what figure describes.
2.3 Human Factors
Range of reaction times
AASHTO recommendation for perception/reaction time
Application of Stopping Distance as the sum of Perception/Reaction distance and Braking distance
Example 2.9 p 30
Factors affecting perception/reaction time.
Differences in reaction time in response to expected and unexpected stimuli.
Problems using equations of motion- equations will be supplied on a separate sheet-know how to use them.
Which driver percentile we design for and why. Give design example: which drivers/pedestrians are accommodated, which not?
2.3.2 Dilemma zone discussion from class. Be able to draw figure 2.3.3., 2.3.6 and explain the situation.-any equations will be given.
2.3.3. Visual acuity
What is 20/20 vision, 20/30, 20/40 vision
Factors affecting visual acuity with examples.
Cone of vision information Fig. 2.3.8 and explanations
2.4. Geometric Design of Highways
2.4.2 Functional Classification of Highways.
Typical values for coefficient of forward and side friction (Dry, Wet )
AASHTO recommendation for perception/reaction time
2.4.4. Horizontal alignment
Tangents, curves.
Simple and transition curves. Draw examples with explanations.
How is length measured on the plan view of a highway?
Be able to draw fig 2.4.6 and name the elements shown. Equations will be provided. Know how to use them.
Definition of Degree of curve in words. Be able to draw a figure to go along with your definition. Concepts should be clear.
2.4.5 Determination of design radius and design degree of curve-equations will be provided.
Example 2.15 p 51
2.4.6 Superelevation Design
Know all terminology.
Be able to draw figure 2.4.8 and explain all important points, draw cross sections (including cross slope) at those points.
Be able to find superelevation at points A, B, C, D, and E.